Usanda kufaka iphepha lakho ku-umhloli wobufakazi bokukopela (plagiarism checker) kanti inani lokufana (similarity score) libuye liphakeme kunalokho obekulindelwe. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ungumfundi oqeda i-thesis noma ucwaninga olulungiselela i-manuscript yokuyithumela kumagazini, inani eliphezulu lokufana alisho ngokuzenzakalelayo ukuthi wenze okuthile okungalungile — kodwa lisho ukuthi udinga ukwenza ngokucophelela.
Ukususa i-plagiarism akukhona ukufihla ukufana. Kumayelana nokuqinisekisa ukuthi yonke imibono oyethulayo ibhalwe ngendlela evumelana nawe, inikezwa ngokufanele, futhi ixhaswa ukucabanga kwakho. Lo mhlahlandlela ukuhambisa ngqo ukuthi ungakwenza kanjani, isinyathelo nesinyathelo, ngaphandle kokunciphisa incazelo noma ikhwalithi yomsebenzi wakho.
Kusho ukuthini ngempela “ukususa” i-plagiarism ephepheni?
I-plagiarism ekubhaleni kwezemfundo ibhekisela ekwethuleni imibono, amagama, noma isakhiwo somunye umuntu njengokungokwakho — kungaba ngabomvu noma ungazange. Abafundi abaningi bayamangala lapho bethola ukuthi ngisho nombhalo owaphakelwe kahle (paraphrased) ungaphinde ubhalwe uma izakhiwo zemisho zisondelene kakhulu nomthombo.
Ukususa i-plagiarism kuhilela izinto ezintathu eziyinhloko: ukubhala kabusha okuqukethwe ngelizwi lakho, ukufaka imikhombandlela efanele (citations) nezinkomba lapho kudingeka, nokususa noma ukuhlela kabusha izingxenye ezifanisa kakhulu nomthombo wazo. Akusho nje ukushintsha amagama afanayo — lena iphutha elivamile kakhulu abafundi abalenzayo.
Uzibona kanjani izingxenye zephepha lakho ezine-plagiarism?
Ngaphambi kokuthi ulungise i-plagiarism, udinga ukwazi kahle ukuthi ikuphi. Ukufaka idokhumenti yakho ku-umhloli we-plagiarism othembekile njenge-Plag kukunika umbiko onemininingwane wokufana (similarity report) ogqamisa umbhalo ohambisanayo, uhlanganisa nemithombo, futhi unquma izinga lobungozi (risk) lengxenye ngayinye ephawulwe.
Umbiko wePlag onemibala usiza ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwemikhombandlela engafanele (purple), imikhombandlela efanele (green), nokuqukethwe okuphakelwe (paraphrased) okusalokhu kufundeka kusondelene kakhulu nomthombo (orange). Lokhu kukunikeza indlela ecacile yokuthi yini okufanele uyilungise ngempela — ukuze ungachithi isikhathi ubhala kabusha izigaba okungenzeka sezihambisana nemithetho.
Amanani ahlukene okulingana (similarity scores) asho ukuthini ngempela?
Ukuphakelwa kabusha (paraphrasing) okusebenzayo kuyikhono, hhayi indlela yokugijima. Inhloso wukuthatha umbono emthonjeni uwuveze ngokuphelele ngolimi lwakho, kodwa usanikeza umbhali wokuqala ikhredithi. Nansi indlela yokukwenza kahle:
- Funda umbhalo wokuqala ngokugcwele, bese uwavale noma uwunciphise ngaphambi kokubhala inguqulo yakho.
- Gxila emcabangweni, hhayi ekubhalweni. Zibuze: lo mthombo ushaya muphi umbono ngempela?
- Shintsha isakhiwo semisho ngokuphelele — hhayi amagama athile kuphela.
- Ngemva kokubhala inguqulo yakho, yiqhathanise nomthombo wokuqala ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi umehluko wabo ngokwakhiwa (structure) usobala.
- Hlala ufaka i-citation ngaphakathi kombhalo (in-text citation), ngisho nokuqukethwe okuphakelwe — umqondo usawungowe ngempela umbhali wokuqala.
Khumbula: ukuphakelwa kabusha (paraphrasing) ngaphandle kwe-citation kusenobufakazi bokukopela (plagiarism), noma amagama engaba awe ngempela ngokuphelele.
Uzoqopha nini ngqo kunokuphakelwa kabusha?
Ukuqquote (ukucaphuna) ngqo kufanele kusetshenziswe kancane — ngokuvamile kuphela uma amagama angempela omthombo ephethe ukubaluleka okuthile, njengencazelo yezomthetho noma isitatimende okucutshangelwa kwalo ngokubhalwa kwaso uqobo. Uma uqucuna ngqo, sebenzisa amakhwothi (quotation marks) futhi unikeze i-citation ephelele, kuhlanganise nenombolo yekhasi uma kudingeka.
Uyilungisa kanjani imikhombandlela engafanele noma engekho?
Ukushoda kwemikhombandlela (citations) kungaphakathi kwezimbangela ezivamile kakhulu ze-plagiarism engahlosiwe. Uma usebenzise umbono, isibalo, impikiswano, noma idatha evela komunye umthombo — noma ngabe kancane — kudinga i-citation. Umbiko wokufana wePlag uxhumanisa ngqo nemithombo ehambisana nezingxenye eziphawuliwe kudokhumenti yakho, okwenza kube lula ukuthola ireferensi yokuqala bese wengeza i-citation efanele ngaphandle kokusesha kusukela ekuqaleni.
Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-citation ne-reference?
I-citation iwuphawu olufushane (marker) olusembhalweni (isb., Smith, 2021, p. 34). I-reference iyimininingwane egcwele yokubhaliswa kwemithombo ekupheleni kwephepha lakho evumela umfundi ukuthi ayithole ngokuzimela. Zombili ziyadingeka — i-citation esembhalweni ngaphandle kwento yohlu lwe-reference ayiphelele, futhi okuphambene nalokho nakho kunjalo.
Kuthiwani nge-self-plagiarism — ungayikopela imisebenzi yakho?
Yebo, futhi kuvame kakhulu kunalokho abafundi abaningi abakucabangayo. Ukuthumela iphepha elifanayo (noma izingxenye zephepha) ezifundweni ezingaphezu kweyodwa ngaphandle kwemvume ecacile kubhekwa njenge-self-plagiarism. Uma wakha emsebenzini owake wawenza ngaphambilini, kumele ukucacise lokhu — phatha ukubhala kwakho okudala njengomthombo bese ukufaka i-citation ngendlela efanele.
I-Plag ingakusiza kanjani ukususa nokuvimbela i-plagiarism?
IPlag ikunikeza okungaphezulu nje kwe-similarity score. Isevisi yayo yokususa i-plagiarism ikuxhumanisa nabahleli (editors) abanolwazi abangabuyekeza izingxenye eziphawuliwe ngendlela egcina incazelo nezwi lakho, ngenkathi ihlangabezana nezindinganiso zobuqiniso (originality standards) inyuvesi yakho ezidingayo.
Izici ezibalulekile ezisekela ukususa i-plagiarism ku-Plag zihlanganisa:
- Imibiko yokufana enemibala ekhombisa ngokucacile ukuthi yini edinga ukunakwa nokuthi kungani
- Izixhumanisi eziqondile (direct links) emithonjeni engemuva kwawo wonke umbhalo okhonjisiwe
- Ukuhlukaniswa phakathi kwemikhombandlela efanele nengafanele, ukuze ama-reference alungile angajeziswa
- Ukutholwa ngesikhathi sangempela (real-time detection) ngokumelene nokuqukethwe okushicilelwe okufike emizuzwini eyi-10 edlule
- Isizindalwazi esingaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-80 zama-athikili ezemfundo ukuze kube nokumbozwa okuphelele
Thumela uqiniseka — umsebenzi wakho, wenziwe ngendlela efanele
Ukususa i-plagiarism ephepheni locwaningo akusona isixazululo sakamuva — kuyingxenye yokwenza umsebenzi wezemfundo ngendlela enesibopho. Uma uhlola iphepha lakho kusenesikhathi ngesikhathi sokubhala, kulula ukubhekana nokufana ngaphambi kokuba kuhlanganise kube izinkinga ezinkulu.Noma ungumfundisi, ungasebenzisa Plag mahhala njengengxenye yokuzibophezela kwethu ekuhlanganiseni ubuqotho bezemfundo emhlabeni wonke.
