Usethe iphepha lakho liye laphinda latshekishwa nge iplagi checker yaye isikolo sokufana sivele saphakama kunokuba ubulindele. Nokuba ungumfundi ogqibezela i-thesis okanye ungumphandi olungiselela i-manuscript ukuze ingeniswe kwijenali, isikolo esiphezulu se-plagiarism asithethi ngokuzenzekelayo ukuba wenze into engalunganga — kodwa oko kuthetha ukuba kufuneka wenze ngononophelo.
Ukususa i-plagiarism kwiphepha akukhange kube kukufihla ukufana. Kumalunga nokuqinisekisa ukuba yonke ingcamango oyibonisayo ibhalwa ngokunyanisekileyo, inikwe imbeko ngokufanelekileyo, kwaye ixhaswa yingcinga yakho. Esi sikhokelo sikuhambisa ngamanyathelo acacileyo ngendlela yokukwenza oko, inyathelo ngenyathelo, ngaphandle kokususa intsingiselo okanye umgangatho kumsebenzi wakho.
Kuthetha ukuthini ngokwenene “ukususa” i-plagiarism kwiphepha?
I-plagiarism kwimibhalo yezifundo ibhekisa ekuboniseni iingcamango, amagama, okanye ubume bomnye umntu njengoko kungenxa yakho — nokuba kwenziwa ngenjongo okanye kungazi. Abafundi abaninzi bayamangaliswa kukufumanisa ukuba nokuba okubhaliweyo kuguqulwe ngokufanelekileyo (paraphrased), kusenokubanjwa ukuba ulwakhiwo lwezivakalisi lufana kakhulu nemithombo.
Ukususa i-plagiarism kubandakanya izinto ezintathu eziphambili: ukubhala kwakhona umxholo ngelizwi lakho, ukongeza i-citations (izalathiso) ezifanelekileyo kunye neendawo zokubhekisa apho kufuneka, nokuphelisa okanye ukutshintsha ubume bezicandelo ezibonakala ngathi zifana kakhulu nemithombo yazo. Akuthethi nje ukutshintsha izithethantonye (synonyms) — le yenye yezona mpazamo zixhaphakileyo ezenziwa ngabafundi.
Uchonga njani ukuba ngawaphi amacandelo ephepha lakho aphelelwe yi-plagiarism?
Ngaphambi kokuba ulungise i-plagiarism, kufuneka wazi ngokucacileyo ukuba ikuphi. Ukudlulisela uxwebhu lwakho nge iplagi checker ethembekileyo efana nePlag kukunika ingxelo eneenkcukacha zokufana (similarity report) ebonisa umbhalo othe watsikwa, amakhonkco kwimithombo, kwaye ibeke inqanaba lomngcipheko kwicandelo ngalinye eliphawulweyo.
Ingxelo kaPlag enombala iyahlula phakathi kwe-citations ezingafanelekanga (mfusa), i-citations ezifanelekileyo (luhlaza), kunye nomxholo oguqulwe ngokwemiqathango kodwa usenokufunda kufana kakhulu nemithombo (orenji). Oku kukunika indlela ecacileyo yokuba yintoni efuna ukulungiswa ngokwenene — ukuze ungachithi ixesha ubhala kwakhona amacandelo asele ehambelana.
Zithetha ukuthini ngokwenene iisikolo ezahlukeneyo zokufana?
Ukuguqula amazwi (paraphrasing) ngokusebenzayo yindlela yezakhono, hayi indlela emfutshane. Injongo kukuthatha ingcamango kumthombo uze uyiveze ngokupheleleyo ngolwimi lwakho, usaza uyinika imbeko kumbhali wokuqala. Nantsi indlela yokwenza kakuhle:
- Funda umhlathi wokuqala ngokupheleleyo, uze uwavale okanye uwunciphise phambi kokuba ubhale inguqulelo yakho.
- Gxila kwingcamango, hayi kumagama. Zibuze: umthombo uthi ntoni ngokwenene?
- Tshintsha ubume bezivakalisi ngokupheleleyo — hayi nje amagama ngamanye.
- Emva kokubhala inguqulelo yakho, yithelekise nomthombo wokuqala ukuze uqinisekise ukuba ayifani ngobume (structurally).
- Nika i-citation ngaphakathi kwesicatshulwa (in-text citation) rhoqo, nangezinto eziguqulwe ngamazwi (paraphrased) — ingcamango iseyeyombhali wayo wokuqala.
Khumbula: ukuguqula amazwi ngaphandle kwe-citation kusenokuba yi-plagiarism, nangona amagama esonke engamagama akho.
Kufuneka uyicaphule nini ngokuthe ngqo endaweni yokuguqula amazwi?
Ukucaphula ngokuthe ngqo (direct quotation) kufuneka kusetyenziswe kancinci — ngokwesiqhelo kuphela xa amagama athe ngqo omthombo anentsingiselo ekhethekileyo, njengenkcazo yomthetho okanye isitatimenti ekuthiwa uhlalutya intsingiselo yayo ngokwayo. Xa ucaphula ngokuthe ngqo, sebenzisa izimpawu zokucaphula (quotation marks) uze unike i-citation epheleleyo, kuquka inani lephepha (page number) xa kufanelekile.
Uyilungisa njani i-citations engafanelekanga okanye engekhoyo?
Ii-citations ezingekhoyo zisesinye sezona zizathu zixhaphakileyo ze-plagiarism engaziwayo (unintentional plagiarism). Ukuba usebenzisile ingcamango, inani (statistic), ingxoxo (argument), okanye idatha evela kwenye imithombo — nokuba uyisebenzise ngokungacacanga — kufuneka i-citation. Ingxelo yokufana kaPlag idibanisa ngqo kwimithombo ehambelana namacandelo aphawulweyo kwiphepha lakho, okwenza kube lula ukufumana isalathiso sokuqala uze ungeze i-citation echanekileyo ngaphandle kokukhangela ukusuka ekuqaleni.
Uthini umahluko phakathi kwe-citation ne-reference?
I-citation sisalathiso esifutshane ngaphakathi kwesicatshulwa (umz., Smith, 2021, p. 34). I-reference yirejista epheleleyo yebhayibhliyografi (full bibliographic entry) ekupheleni kwephepha lakho evumela umfundi ukuba afumane loo mthombo ngokuzimeleyo. Zombini ziyafuneka — i-in-text citation ngaphandle kwebhayibhliyografi/uluhlu lereference oluhambelanayo ayigqibekanga, kwaye ngokunjalo nendawo yereference engenayo i-citation ngaphakathi ayanelanga.
Kuthiwani nge-self-plagiarism — ungayenza i-plagiarise umsebenzi wakho?
Ewe, kwaye oku kuqhelekile kunokuba abafundi abaninzi beqonda. Ukungenisa iphepha elifanayo (okanye amacandelo ephepha) kwiikhosi ezingaphezu kwenye ngaphandle kwemvume ecacileyo kuthathwa njenge-self-plagiarism. Ukuba wakhe waxhasa umsebenzi wakho wangaphambili, yivume ngokucacileyo — phatha ukubhala kwakho kwangaphambili njengomthombo uze uyicaphule ngokufanelekileyo.
IPlag inokukunceda njani ukususa nokuthintela i-plagiarism?
IPlag inikeza okungaphezulu nje kwesikolo sokufana. Inkonzo yayo yokususa i-plagiarism ikudibanisa nabahleli abaziingcali abanokuhlaziya amacandelo aphawuliweyo ngendlela egcina intsingiselo yakho kunye nelizwi lakho ngelixa ihlangabezana nemigangatho yokuqala (originality standards) efunwa liziko lakho.
Iimpawu eziphambili ezixhasa ukususa i-plagiarism kwiPlag ziquka:
- Iingxelo zokufana ezinemibala ezibonisa ngokucacileyo ukuba yintoni efuna ingqalelo nokuba kutheni
- Amakhonkco ngqo kwimithombo esemva kwawo onke amacandelo aphawulweyo
- Ukwahlula phakathi kwe-citations ezifanelekileyo nezingafanelekanga, ukuze ii-reference ezichanekileyo zingohlwaywa
- Ukwaziwa (detection) ngexesha langempela ngokuchasene nomxholo owapapashwa kwakamsinya nje nemizuzu eli-10 edlulileyo
- Isiseko sedatha esingaphezulu kwezigidi ezingama-80 zamaphepha ezifundo (scholarly articles) ukuze kufunyanwe ingqokelela ebanzi yezifundo
Thumela ngokuzithemba — umsebenzi wakho, wenziwe ngendlela efanelekileyo
Ukususa i-plagiarism kwiphepha lophando akusiyiyo into yokuyilungisa kwimizuzu yokugqibela — yinxalenye yokwenza umsebenzi wezifundo ngokuziphatha nangoxanduva. Okukhona usitshekisha iphepha lakho kwangoko ngexesha lokubhala, kokukhona kulula ukusombulula ukufana ngaphambi kokuba kube ziingxaki ezinkulu. Ukuba ungumfundisi (educator), ungasebenzisa Plag simahla njengenxalenye yesithembiso sethu sokugcina ukunyaniseka kwezemfundo kwihlabathi lonke.
