Usanda kuqhuba iphepha lakho nge-umhloli we-plagiarism futhi inani lokufana libuye liphakeme kunalokho obukulindele. Noma ngabe ungumfundi oqedela i-thesis, noma umcwaningi olungiselela umbhalo ozofakwa ukuze kushicilelwe kwiphephabhuku, inani eliphezulu le-plagiarism alisho ngokuzenzakalelayo ukuthi wenze okungalungile — kodwa lisho ukuthi kufanele uthathe isinyathelo ngokucophelela.
Ukususa i-plagiarism ephepheni akukhulumi ngokufihla ukufana. Kumayelana nokuqinisekisa ukuthi yonke imibono oyivezayo ivezwe ngendlela eyiqiniso, ibhekiswe kahle, futhi isekelwe ukucabanga kwakho. Lo mhlahlandlela uzokukhombisa indlela yokwenza lokho — isinyathelo ngesinyathelo — ngaphandle kokukhipha incazelo noma ikhwalithi emsebenzini wakho.
Kusho ukuthini ngempela “ukususa” i-plagiarism ephepheni?
I-plagiarism ekubhaleni kwezifundo ibhekisela ekwethuleni imibono, amagama, noma isakhiwo somunye umuntu njengokwakho — noma ngabe bekuhloswe noma kungahloswanga. Abaningi abafundi bayamangala lapho befunda ukuthi ngisho nombhalo oparafaziwe kahle ungangeniswa ifulegi uma izakhiwo zemisho zifana kakhulu nomthombo.
Ukususa i-plagiarism kuhilela izenzo ezintathu eziyinhloko: ukubhala kabusha okuqukethwe ngokusebenzisa “izwi” lakho, ukwengeza ama-citation nezinkomba ezifanele lapho kudingeka, nokususa noma ukuhlela kabusha izigaba ezikhala kakhulu noma zilingisa umthombo wazo. Akusho nje ukushintsha amagama afana — lokhu kungenye yeziphutha ezivamile kakhulu ezenziwa abafundi.
Uthola kanjani ukuthi yiziphi izingxenye zephepha lakho ezine-plagiarism?
Ngaphambi kokuba ulungise i-plagiarism, udinga ukwazi kahle ukuthi ikuphi. Ukuqhuba idokhumenti yakho nge-umhloli we-plagiarism okuthembekile njenge-Plag kukunika umbiko onemininingwane yokufana okhombisa umbhalo ohambelanayo, izixhumanisi zemithombo, futhi ulinganise izinga lengozi lesigaba ngasinye esiphawulwe.
Umbiko we-Plag onemibala uhlukanisa phakathi kwama-citation angafanele (purple), ama-citation afanele (green), nokuqukethwe okuparafaziwe okusekufana kakhulu nomthombo (orange). Lokhu kukunika umzila ocacile wokuthi yini okudingeka ilungiswe ngempela — ukuze ungachithi isikhathi ubhala kabusha izingxenye ezivele zihambisana.
Asho ukuthini ngempela amanani ahlukene okulingana?
Iparafazi ephumelelayo ikhono, hhayi indlela yokweqa. Inhloso wukuthatha umqondo emthonjeni bese uwuveza ngokuphelele ngolimi lwakho, ngenkathi usanikeza isikweletu kumlobi wokuqala. Nansi indlela yokwenza lokho kahle:
- Funda umbhalo wokuqala ngokugcwele, bese uwavale noma uwunciphise ngaphambi kokubhala inguqulo yakho.
- Gxila emcabangweni, hhayi kumagama. Zibuze: umthombo uthini ngempela?
- Shintsha isakhiwo semisho ngokuphelele — hhayi nje amagama ngamunye.
- Ngemva kokubhala inguqulo yakho, yiqhathanise nomthombo ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi ziyahlukana ngokwesakhiwo.
- Hlala ufaka i-citation ngaphakathi kombhalo (in-text citation), ngisho nokuqukethwe okuparafaziwe — umqondo usengowomlobi wawo wokuqala.
Khumbula: iparafazi ngaphandle kwe-citation iseyiplagiarism, noma amagama uwedwa ngokuphelele.
Kufanele ucatuke ngqo nini kunokupharafazi?
Ukucaphuna ngqo kufanele kusetshenziswe kancane — ngokuvamile kuphela uma amagama amsulwa omthombo ephethe ukubaluleka okuthile, njengencazelo yomthetho noma isitatimende okuthiwa siyahlaziywa indlela esibhaliwe ngayo. Uma ucaphuna ngqo, sebenzisa amamaki okucaphuna (quotation marks) bese unikeza i-citation ephelele kuhlanganise nenombolo yekhasi uma kusebenza.
Uyalungisa kanjani i-citation engafanele noma engabhalwanga?
Ukushoda kwama-citation phakathi kwezimbangela ezivame kakhulu ze-plagiarism engahlosiwe. Uma usebenzise umqondo, inani (statistic), impikiswano, noma idatha evela komunye umthombo — noma ngabe kancane — kudingeka i-citation. Umbiko wokufana we-Plag uxhumanisa ngqo nemithombo ehambisana nezigaba eziphawulwe kudokhumenti yakho, okwenza kube lula ukuthola ireferensi yoqobo nokwengeza i-citation efanele ngaphandle kokusesha kusukela ekuqaleni.
Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-citation ne-reference?
I-citation iyisibonisi esifushane esingaphakathi kombhalo (isb., Smith, 2021, p. 34). I-reference iyinhloko ephelele yebhaybiliyografu ekupheleni kwephepha lakho evumela umfundi ukuthi athole lo mthombo ngokuzimela. Zombili ziyadingeka — i-citation ngaphakathi kombhalo ngaphandle kwento evela ohlwini lwe-reference ayiphelele, futhi okuphambene nalokho.
Kuthiwani nge-self-plagiarism — ingabe ungakwazi ukusebenzisa umsebenzi wakho?
Yebo, futhi kuyinto evamile kakhulu kunalokho abafundi abaningi abakucabangayo. Ukufaka iphepha elifanayo (noma izingxenye zephepha) ezifundweni ezingaphezu koyedwa ngaphandle kwemvume ecacile kubhekwa njenge-self-plagiarism. Uma wakha phezu komsebenzi wakho wangaphambilini, kwazise ngokucacile — phatha ukubhala kwakho ngaphambili njengomthombo bese ukucaphuna ngendlela efanele.
I-Plag ingakusiza kanjani ukususa nokuvimbela i-plagiarism?
I-Plag inikeza okungaphezu nje kwenani lokufana. Isevisi yayo yokususa i-plagiarism ikuxhumanisa nabahleli (editors) abanekhono abangabuyekeza izigaba eziphawulwe ngendlela egcina incazelo nezwi lakho, ngenkathi ihlangabezana namazinga obuqiniso (originality standards) adingwa yisikhungo sakho.
Izici ezibalulekile ezisekela ukususa i-plagiarism ku-Plag zifaka:
- Imibiko yokufana enombala okhombisa ngokusobala ukuthi yini edinga ukunakwa nokuthi kungani
- Izixhumanisi eziqondile zemithombo eyilungele yonke ingxenye ephawulwe
- Umehluko phakathi kwama-citation afanele navamile, ukuze izinkomba ezifanele zingajeziswa
- Ukutholwa ngesikhathi sangempela ngokumelene nokuqukethwe okushicilelwe sekufike emizuzwini eyi-10 edlule
- I-database enama-athikili esayensi angaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-80 ukuze kutholwe ukufakwa okuphelele kwezifundo
Thumela unethemba — umsebenzi wakho, wenziwe ngendlela efanele
Ukususa i-plagiarism ephepheni locwaningo akusona isixazululo somzuzu wokugcina — kuyingxenye yokwenza umsebenzi wezifundo ngendlela enesibopho. Okokuqala lapho uhlola iphepha lakho ngesikhathi sokubhala, kulula ukusho ukufana ngaphambi kokuba kuhlanganise kube yizinkinga ezinkulu. Uma ungumfundisi, ungasebenzisa Plag mahhala njengengxenye yomzamo wethu wokuzibophezela ekuqinisekiseni ubuqotho bezemfundo emhlabeni wonke.
